CHANGELOG.md: Move unreleased changes to version 0.8.1

Update dependencies

.flake8

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+[flake8]
+ignore = E501

.hound.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+flake8:
+    enabled: true
+    config_file: .flake8
+    fail_on_violations: true

.travis.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+language: python
+python:
+  - "3.5"
+  - "3.6"
+  - "3.7-dev"
+addons:
+  postgresql: "9.5"
+before_script:
+  - psql --version
+  - createuser -U postgres dspacestatistics
+  - psql -U postgres -c "ALTER USER dspacestatistics WITH PASSWORD 'dspacestatistics'"
+  - createdb -U postgres -O dspacestatistics --encoding=UNICODE dspacestatistics
+  - psql -U postgres -d dspacestatistics < tests/dspacestatistics.sql
+install:
+  - "pip install pipenv --upgrade-strategy=only-if-needed"
+  - "pipenv install --dev"
+script: pytest
+
+# vim: ts=2 sw=2 et

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -4,6 +4,104 @@ All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.
 The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/),
 and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html).
 
+## [0.8.1] - 2018-11-14
+### Changed
+- README.md to recommend using vanilla Python virtual environments and pip instead of pipenv
+- Regenerate pipenv environment to capture only direct dependencies
+
+### Added
+- `requirements-dev.txt` for installing development packages with pip
+
+## [0.8.0] - 2018-11-11
+### Changed
+- Properly handle database connection errors
+
+### Added
+- API tests with pytest
+
+## [0.7.0] - 2018-11-07
+### Added
+- Ability to configure PostgreSQL database port with DATABASE_PORT environment variable (defaults to 5432)
+- Hound CI configuration to validate pull requests against PEP 8 code style with Flake8
+- Configuration for [pipenv](https://pipenv.readthedocs.io/en/latest/)
+
+### Changed
+- Use a database management class with Python context management to automatically open/close connections and cursors
+
+### Changed
+- Validate code against PEP 8 style guide with Flake8
+
+## [0.6.1] - 2018-10-31
+### Added
+- API documentation at root path (/)
+
+## [0.6.0] - 2018-10-31
+### Changed
+- Refactor project structure (note breaking changes to API and indexing invocation, see contrib and README.md)
+
+## [0.5.2] - 2018-10-28
+### Changed
+- Update library versions in requirements.txt
+
+## [0.5.1] - 2018-10-24
+### Changed
+- Use Python's native json instead of ujson
+
+## [0.5.0] - 2018-10-24
+### Added
+- Example nginx configuration to README.md
+
+### Changed
+- Don't initialize Solr connection in API
+
+## [0.4.3] - 2018-10-17
+### Changed
+- Use pip install as script for Travis CI
+
+### Improved
+- Documentation for deployment and testing
+
+## [0.4.2] - 2018-10-04
+### Changed
+- README.md introduction and requirements
+- Use ujson instead of json
+- Iterate directly on SQL cursor in `/items` route
+
+### Fixed
+- Logic error in SQL for item views
+
+## [0.4.1] - 2018-09-26
+### Changed
+- Use `execute_values()` to batch insert records to PostgreSQL
+
+## [0.4.0] - 2018-09-25
+### Fixed
+- Invalid OnCalendar syntax in dspace-statistics-indexer.timer
+- Major logic error in indexer.py
+
+## [0.3.2] - 2018-09-25
+## Changed
+- /item/id route now returns HTTP 404 if an item is not found
+
+## [0.3.1] - 2018-09-25
+### Changed
+- Force SolrClient's kazoo dependency to version 2.5.0 to work with Python 3.7
+- Add Python 3.7 to Travis CI configuration
+
+## [0.3.0] - 2018-09-25
+### Added
+- requirements.txt for pip
+- Travis CI build configuration for Python 3.5 and 3.6
+- Documentation on using the API
+
+### Changed
+- The "all items" route from / to /items
+
+## [0.2.1] - 2018-09-24
+### Changed
+- Environment settings in example systemd unit files
+- Use psycopg2.extras.DictCursor for PostgreSQL connection
+
 ## [0.2.0] - 2018-09-24
 ### Changed
 - Use PostgreSQL instead of SQLite because UPSERT support needs a very new libsqlite3 whereas it's already in PostgreSQL 9.5+

Pipfile

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+[[source]]
+url = "https://pypi.org/simple"
+verify_ssl = true
+name = "pypi"
+
+[packages]
+gunicorn = "*"
+falcon = "*"
+"psycopg2-binary" = "*"
+solrclient = {ref = "kazoo-2.5.0", git = "https://github.com/alanorth/SolrClient.git"}
+
+[dev-packages]
+ipython = "*"
+"flake8" = "*"
+pytest = "*"
+
+[requires]
+python_version = "3.7"

Pipfile.lock

@@ -0,0 +1,266 @@
+{
+    "_meta": {
+        "hash": {
+            "sha256": "a846fdab4de5765a7e7fc19424a97a6196248e29f87285cf81fd76e8e9ae3e28"
+        },
+        "pipfile-spec": 6,
+        "requires": {
+            "python_version": "3.7"
+        },
+        "sources": [
+            {
+                "name": "pypi",
+                "url": "https://pypi.org/simple",
+                "verify_ssl": true
+            }
+        ]
+    },
+    "default": {
+        "falcon": {
+            "hashes": [
+                "sha256:0a66b33458fab9c1e400a9be1a68056abda178eb02a8cb4b8f795e9df20b053b",
+                "sha256:3981f609c0358a9fcdb25b0e7fab3d9e23019356fb429c635ce4133135ae1bc4"
+            ],
+            "index": "pypi",
+            "version": "==1.4.1"
+        },
+        "gunicorn": {
+            "hashes": [
+                "sha256:aa8e0b40b4157b36a5df5e599f45c9c76d6af43845ba3b3b0efe2c70473c2471",
+                "sha256:fa2662097c66f920f53f70621c6c58ca4a3c4d3434205e608e121b5b3b71f4f3"
+            ],
+            "index": "pypi",
+            "version": "==19.9.0"
+        },
+        "psycopg2-binary": {
+            "hashes": [
+                "sha256:036bcb198a7cc4ce0fe43344f8c2c9a8155aefa411633f426c8c6ed58a6c0426",
+                "sha256:1d770fcc02cdf628aebac7404d56b28a7e9ebec8cfc0e63260bd54d6edfa16d4",
+                "sha256:1fdc6f369dcf229de6c873522d54336af598b9470ccd5300e2f58ee506f5ca13",
+                "sha256:21f9ddc0ff6e07f7d7b6b484eb9da2c03bc9931dd13e36796b111d631f7135a3",
+                "sha256:247873cda726f7956f745a3e03158b00de79c4abea8776dc2f611d5ba368d72d",
+                "sha256:3aa31c42f29f1da6f4fd41433ad15052d5ff045f2214002e027a321f79d64e2c",
+                "sha256:475f694f87dbc619010b26de7d0fc575a4accf503f2200885cc21f526bffe2ad",
+                "sha256:4b5e332a24bf6e2fda1f51ca2a57ae1083352293a08eeea1fa1112dc7dd542d1",
+                "sha256:570d521660574aca40be7b4d532dfb6f156aad7b16b5ed62d1534f64f1ef72d8",
+                "sha256:59072de7def0690dd13112d2bdb453e20570a97297070f876fbbb7cbc1c26b05",
+                "sha256:5f0b658989e918ef187f8a08db0420528126f2c7da182a7b9f8bf7f85144d4e4",
+                "sha256:649199c84a966917d86cdc2046e03d536763576c0b2a756059ae0b3a9656bc20",
+                "sha256:6645fc9b4705ae8fbf1ef7674f416f89ae1559deec810f6dd15197dfa52893da",
+                "sha256:6872dd54d4e398d781efe8fe2e2d7eafe4450d61b5c4898aced7610109a6df75",
+                "sha256:6ce34fbc251fc0d691c8d131250ba6f42fd2b28ef28558d528ba8c558cb28804",
+                "sha256:73920d167a0a4d1006f5f3b9a3efce6f0e5e883a99599d38206d43f27697df00",
+                "sha256:8a671732b87ae423e34b51139628123bc0306c2cb85c226e71b28d3d57d7e42a",
+                "sha256:8d517e8fda2efebca27c2018e14c90ed7dc3f04d7098b3da2912e62a1a5585fe",
+                "sha256:9475a008eb7279e20d400c76471843c321b46acacc7ee3de0b47233a1e3fa2cf",
+                "sha256:96947b8cd7b3148fb0e6549fcb31258a736595d6f2a599f8cd450e9a80a14781",
+                "sha256:abf229f24daa93f67ac53e2e17c8798a71a01711eb9fcdd029abba8637164338",
+                "sha256:b1ab012f276df584beb74f81acb63905762c25803ece647016613c3d6ad4e432",
+                "sha256:b22b33f6f0071fe57cb4e9158f353c88d41e739a3ec0d76f7b704539e7076427",
+                "sha256:b3b2d53274858e50ad2ffdd6d97ce1d014e1e530f82ec8b307edd5d4c921badf",
+                "sha256:bab26a729befc7b9fab9ded1bba9c51b785188b79f8a2796ba03e7e734269e2e",
+                "sha256:daa1a593629aa49f506eddc9d23dc7f89b35693b90e1fbcd4480182d1203ea90",
+                "sha256:dd111280ce40e89fd17b19c1269fd1b74a30fce9d44a550840e86edb33924eb8",
+                "sha256:e0b86084f1e2e78c451994410de756deba206884d6bed68d5a3d7f39ff5fea1d",
+                "sha256:eb86520753560a7e89639500e2a254bb6f683342af598088cb72c73edcad21e6",
+                "sha256:ff18c5c40a38d41811c23e2480615425c97ea81fd7e9118b8b899c512d97c737"
+            ],
+            "index": "pypi",
+            "version": "==2.7.6.1"
+        },
+        "python-mimeparse": {
+            "hashes": [
+                "sha256:76e4b03d700a641fd7761d3cd4fdbbdcd787eade1ebfac43f877016328334f78",
+                "sha256:a295f03ff20341491bfe4717a39cd0a8cc9afad619ba44b77e86b0ab8a2b8282"
+            ],
+            "version": "==1.6.0"
+        },
+        "six": {
+            "hashes": [
+                "sha256:70e8a77beed4562e7f14fe23a786b54f6296e34344c23bc42f07b15018ff98e9",
+                "sha256:832dc0e10feb1aa2c68dcc57dbb658f1c7e65b9b61af69048abc87a2db00a0eb"
+            ],
+            "version": "==1.11.0"
+        },
+        "solrclient": {
+            "git": "https://github.com/alanorth/SolrClient.git",
+            "ref": "c629e3475be37c82770b2be61748be7e29882648"
+        }
+    },
+    "develop": {
+        "atomicwrites": {
+            "hashes": [
+                "sha256:0312ad34fcad8fac3704d441f7b317e50af620823353ec657a53e981f92920c0",
+                "sha256:ec9ae8adaae229e4f8446952d204a3e4b5fdd2d099f9be3aaf556120135fb3ee"
+            ],
+            "version": "==1.2.1"
+        },
+        "attrs": {
+            "hashes": [
+                "sha256:10cbf6e27dbce8c30807caf056c8eb50917e0eaafe86347671b57254006c3e69",
+                "sha256:ca4be454458f9dec299268d472aaa5a11f67a4ff70093396e1ceae9c76cf4bbb"
+            ],
+            "version": "==18.2.0"
+        },
+        "backcall": {
+            "hashes": [
+                "sha256:38ecd85be2c1e78f77fd91700c76e14667dc21e2713b63876c0eb901196e01e4",
+                "sha256:bbbf4b1e5cd2bdb08f915895b51081c041bac22394fdfcfdfbe9f14b77c08bf2"
+            ],
+            "version": "==0.1.0"
+        },
+        "decorator": {
+            "hashes": [
+                "sha256:2c51dff8ef3c447388fe5e4453d24a2bf128d3a4c32af3fabef1f01c6851ab82",
+                "sha256:c39efa13fbdeb4506c476c9b3babf6a718da943dab7811c206005a4a956c080c"
+            ],
+            "version": "==4.3.0"
+        },
+        "flake8": {
+            "hashes": [
+                "sha256:6a35f5b8761f45c5513e3405f110a86bea57982c3b75b766ce7b65217abe1670",
+                "sha256:c01f8a3963b3571a8e6bd7a4063359aff90749e160778e03817cd9b71c9e07d2"
+            ],
+            "index": "pypi",
+            "version": "==3.6.0"
+        },
+        "ipython": {
+            "hashes": [
+                "sha256:a5781d6934a3341a1f9acb4ea5acdc7ea0a0855e689dbe755d070ca51e995435",
+                "sha256:b10a7ddd03657c761fc503495bc36471c8158e3fc948573fb9fe82a7029d8efd"
+            ],
+            "index": "pypi",
+            "version": "==7.1.1"
+        },
+        "ipython-genutils": {
+            "hashes": [
+                "sha256:72dd37233799e619666c9f639a9da83c34013a73e8bbc79a7a6348d93c61fab8",
+                "sha256:eb2e116e75ecef9d4d228fdc66af54269afa26ab4463042e33785b887c628ba8"
+            ],
+            "version": "==0.2.0"
+        },
+        "jedi": {
+            "hashes": [
+                "sha256:0191c447165f798e6a730285f2eee783fff81b0d3df261945ecb80983b5c3ca7",
+                "sha256:b7493f73a2febe0dc33d51c99b474547f7f6c0b2c8fb2b21f453eef204c12148"
+            ],
+            "version": "==0.13.1"
+        },
+        "mccabe": {
+            "hashes": [
+                "sha256:ab8a6258860da4b6677da4bd2fe5dc2c659cff31b3ee4f7f5d64e79735b80d42",
+                "sha256:dd8d182285a0fe56bace7f45b5e7d1a6ebcbf524e8f3bd87eb0f125271b8831f"
+            ],
+            "version": "==0.6.1"
+        },
+        "more-itertools": {
+            "hashes": [
+                "sha256:c187a73da93e7a8acc0001572aebc7e3c69daf7bf6881a2cea10650bd4420092",
+                "sha256:c476b5d3a34e12d40130bc2f935028b5f636df8f372dc2c1c01dc19681b2039e",
+                "sha256:fcbfeaea0be121980e15bc97b3817b5202ca73d0eae185b4550cbfce2a3ebb3d"
+            ],
+            "version": "==4.3.0"
+        },
+        "parso": {
+            "hashes": [
+                "sha256:35704a43a3c113cce4de228ddb39aab374b8004f4f2407d070b6a2ca784ce8a2",
+                "sha256:895c63e93b94ac1e1690f5fdd40b65f07c8171e3e53cbd7793b5b96c0e0a7f24"
+            ],
+            "version": "==0.3.1"
+        },
+        "pexpect": {
+            "hashes": [
+                "sha256:2a8e88259839571d1251d278476f3eec5db26deb73a70be5ed5dc5435e418aba",
+                "sha256:3fbd41d4caf27fa4a377bfd16fef87271099463e6fa73e92a52f92dfee5d425b"
+            ],
+            "markers": "sys_platform != 'win32'",
+            "version": "==4.6.0"
+        },
+        "pickleshare": {
+            "hashes": [
+                "sha256:87683d47965c1da65cdacaf31c8441d12b8044cdec9aca500cd78fc2c683afca",
+                "sha256:9649af414d74d4df115d5d718f82acb59c9d418196b7b4290ed47a12ce62df56"
+            ],
+            "version": "==0.7.5"
+        },
+        "pluggy": {
+            "hashes": [
+                "sha256:447ba94990e8014ee25ec853339faf7b0fc8050cdc3289d4d71f7f410fb90095",
+                "sha256:bde19360a8ec4dfd8a20dcb811780a30998101f078fc7ded6162f0076f50508f"
+            ],
+            "version": "==0.8.0"
+        },
+        "prompt-toolkit": {
+            "hashes": [
+                "sha256:c1d6aff5252ab2ef391c2fe498ed8c088066f66bc64a8d5c095bbf795d9fec34",
+                "sha256:d4c47f79b635a0e70b84fdb97ebd9a274203706b1ee5ed44c10da62755cf3ec9",
+                "sha256:fd17048d8335c1e6d5ee403c3569953ba3eb8555d710bfc548faf0712666ea39"
+            ],
+            "version": "==2.0.7"
+        },
+        "ptyprocess": {
+            "hashes": [
+                "sha256:923f299cc5ad920c68f2bc0bc98b75b9f838b93b599941a6b63ddbc2476394c0",
+                "sha256:d7cc528d76e76342423ca640335bd3633420dc1366f258cb31d05e865ef5ca1f"
+            ],
+            "version": "==0.6.0"
+        },
+        "py": {
+            "hashes": [
+                "sha256:bf92637198836372b520efcba9e020c330123be8ce527e535d185ed4b6f45694",
+                "sha256:e76826342cefe3c3d5f7e8ee4316b80d1dd8a300781612ddbc765c17ba25a6c6"
+            ],
+            "version": "==1.7.0"
+        },
+        "pycodestyle": {
+            "hashes": [
+                "sha256:cbc619d09254895b0d12c2c691e237b2e91e9b2ecf5e84c26b35400f93dcfb83",
+                "sha256:cbfca99bd594a10f674d0cd97a3d802a1fdef635d4361e1a2658de47ed261e3a"
+            ],
+            "version": "==2.4.0"
+        },
+        "pyflakes": {
+            "hashes": [
+                "sha256:9a7662ec724d0120012f6e29d6248ae3727d821bba522a0e6b356eff19126a49",
+                "sha256:f661252913bc1dbe7fcfcbf0af0db3f42ab65aabd1a6ca68fe5d466bace94dae"
+            ],
+            "version": "==2.0.0"
+        },
+        "pygments": {
+            "hashes": [
+                "sha256:78f3f434bcc5d6ee09020f92ba487f95ba50f1e3ef83ae96b9d5ffa1bab25c5d",
+                "sha256:dbae1046def0efb574852fab9e90209b23f556367b5a320c0bcb871c77c3e8cc"
+            ],
+            "version": "==2.2.0"
+        },
+        "pytest": {
+            "hashes": [
+                "sha256:3f193df1cfe1d1609d4c583838bea3d532b18d6160fd3f55c9447fdca30848ec",
+                "sha256:e246cf173c01169b9617fc07264b7b1316e78d7a650055235d6d897bc80d9660"
+            ],
+            "index": "pypi",
+            "version": "==3.10.1"
+        },
+        "six": {
+            "hashes": [
+                "sha256:70e8a77beed4562e7f14fe23a786b54f6296e34344c23bc42f07b15018ff98e9",
+                "sha256:832dc0e10feb1aa2c68dcc57dbb658f1c7e65b9b61af69048abc87a2db00a0eb"
+            ],
+            "version": "==1.11.0"
+        },
+        "traitlets": {
+            "hashes": [
+                "sha256:9c4bd2d267b7153df9152698efb1050a5d84982d3384a37b2c1f7723ba3e7835",
+                "sha256:c6cb5e6f57c5a9bdaa40fa71ce7b4af30298fbab9ece9815b5d995ab6217c7d9"
+            ],
+            "version": "==4.3.2"
+        },
+        "wcwidth": {
+            "hashes": [
+                "sha256:3df37372226d6e63e1b1e1eda15c594bca98a22d33a23832a90998faa96bc65e",
+                "sha256:f4ebe71925af7b40a864553f761ed559b43544f8f71746c2d756c7fe788ade7c"
+            ],
+            "version": "==0.1.7"
+        }
+    }
+}

README.md

@@ -1,22 +1,93 @@
-# DSpace Statistics API
-A quick and dirty REST API to expose Solr view and download statistics for items in a DSpace repository.
+# DSpace Statistics API [![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/ilri/dspace-statistics-api.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/ilri/dspace-statistics-api)
+DSpace stores item view and download events in a Solr "statistics" core. This information is available for use in the various DSpace user interfaces, but is not exposed externally via any APIs. The DSpace 4+ [REST API](https://wiki.duraspace.org/display/DSDOC5x/REST+API), for example, only exposes information about communities, collections, item metadata, and bitstreams.
 
-Written and tested in Python 3.6. SolrClient (0.2.1) does not currently run in Python 3.7.0. Requires PostgreSQL version 9.5 or greater for [`UPSERT` support](https://wiki.postgresql.org/wiki/UPSERT).
+This project contains an indexer and a [Falcon-based](https://falcon.readthedocs.io/) web application to make the statistics available via simple REST API. You can read more about the Solr queries used to gather the item view and download statistics on the [DSpace wiki](https://wiki.duraspace.org/display/DSPACE/Solr).
+
+## Requirements
+
+- Python 3.5+
+- PostgreSQL version 9.5+ (due to [`UPSERT` support](https://wiki.postgresql.org/wiki/UPSERT))
+- DSpace with [Solr usage statistics enabled](https://wiki.duraspace.org/display/DSDOC5x/SOLR+Statistics) (tested with 5.x)
 
 ## Installation
-Create a virtual environment and run it:
+Create a Python virtual environment and install the dependencies:
 
-    $ virtualenv -p /usr/bin/python3.6 venv
-    $ . venv/bin/activate
-    $ pip install falcon gunicorn SolrClient psycopg2-binary
-    $ gunicorn app:api
+    $ python3 -m venv venv
+    $ source venv/bin/activate
+    $ pip install -r requirements.txt
+
+## Running
+
+Set up the environment variables for Solr and PostgreSQL:
+
+    $ export SOLR_SERVER=http://localhost:8080/solr
+    $ export DATABASE_NAME=dspacestatistics
+    $ export DATABASE_USER=dspacestatistics
+    $ export DATABASE_PASS=dspacestatistics
+    $ export DATABASE_HOST=localhost
+
+Index the Solr statistics core to populate the PostgreSQL database:
+
+    $ python -m dspace_statistics_api.indexer
+
+Run the REST API:
+
+    $ gunicorn dspace_statistics_api.app
+
+Test to see if there are any statistics:
+
+    $ curl 'http://localhost:8000/items?limit=1'
+
+## Testing
+Install development packages using pip:
+
+    $ pip install -r requirements-dev.txt
+
+Run tests:
+
+    $ pytest
+
+## Deployment
+There are example systemd service and timer units in the `contrib` directory. The API service listens on localhost by default so you will need to expose it publicly using a web server like nginx.
+
+An example nginx configuration is:
+
+```
+server {
+    #...
+
+    location ~ /rest/statistics/?(.*) {
+        access_log /var/log/nginx/statistics.log;
+        proxy_pass http://statistics_api/$1$is_args$args;
+    }
+}
+
+upstream statistics_api {
+    server 127.0.0.1:5000;
+}
+```
+
+This would expose the API at `/rest/statistics`.
+
+## Using the API
+The API exposes the following endpoints:
+
+  - GET `/` — return a basic API documentation page.
+  - GET `/items` — return views and downloads for all items that Solr knows about¹. Accepts `limit` and `page` query parameters for pagination of results (`limit` must be an integer between 1 and 100, and `page` must be an integer greater than or equal to 0).
+  - GET `/item/id` — return views and downloads for a single item (`id` must be a positive integer). Returns HTTP 404 if an item id is not found.
+
+The item id is the *internal* id for an item. You can get these from the standard DSpace REST API.
+
+¹ We are querying the Solr statistics core, which technically only knows about items that have either views or downloads. If an item is not present here you can assume it has zero views and zero downloads, but not necessarily that it does not exist in the repository.
 
 ## Todo
 
-- Add API documentation
-- Close up DB connection when gunicorn shuts down gracefully
 - Better logging
-- Return HTTP 404 when item_id is nonexistent
+- Version API
+- Use JSON in PostgreSQL
+- Switch to [Python 3.6+ f-string syntax](https://realpython.com/python-f-strings/)
 
 ## License
 This work is licensed under the [GPLv3](https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.en.html).
+
+The license allows you to use and modify the work for personal and commercial purposes, but if you distribute the work you must provide users with a means to access the source code for the version you are distributing. Read more about the [GPLv3 at TL;DR Legal](https://tldrlegal.com/license/gnu-general-public-license-v3-(gpl-3)).

app.py

@@ -1,69 +0,0 @@
-# Tested with Python 3.6
-# See DSpace Solr docs for tips about parameters
-# https://wiki.duraspace.org/display/DSPACE/Solr
-
-from database import database_connection
-import falcon
-from solr import solr_connection
-
-db = database_connection()
-db.set_session(readonly=True)
-solr = solr_connection()
-
-class AllItemsResource:
-    def on_get(self, req, resp):
-        """Handles GET requests"""
-        # Return HTTPBadRequest if id parameter is not present and valid
-        limit = req.get_param_as_int("limit", min=0, max=100) or 100
-        page = req.get_param_as_int("page", min=0) or 0
-        offset = limit * page
-
-        cursor = db.cursor()
-
-        # get total number of items so we can estimate the pages
-        cursor.execute('SELECT COUNT(id) FROM items')
-        pages = round(cursor.fetchone()[0] / limit)
-
-        # get statistics, ordered by id, and use limit and offset to page through results
-        cursor.execute('SELECT id, views, downloads FROM items ORDER BY id ASC LIMIT {0} OFFSET {1}'.format(limit, offset))
-        results = cursor.fetchmany(limit)
-        cursor.close()
-
-        # create a list to hold dicts of item stats
-        statistics = list()
-
-        # iterate over results and build statistics object
-        for item in results:
-            statistics.append({ 'id': item['id'], 'views': item['views'], 'downloads': item['downloads'] })
-
-        message = {
-                'currentPage': page,
-                'totalPages': pages,
-                'limit': limit,
-                'statistics': statistics
-        }
-
-        resp.media = message
-
-class ItemResource:
-    def on_get(self, req, resp, item_id):
-        """Handles GET requests"""
-
-        cursor = db.cursor()
-        cursor.execute('SELECT views, downloads FROM items WHERE id={0}'.format(item_id))
-        results = cursor.fetchone()
-        cursor.close()
-
-        statistics = {
-            'id': item_id,
-            'views': results['views'],
-            'downloads': results['downloads']
-        }
-
-        resp.media = statistics
-
-api = falcon.API()
-api.add_route('/', AllItemsResource())
-api.add_route('/item/{item_id:int}', ItemResource())
-
-# vim: set sw=4 ts=4 expandtab:

contrib/dspace-statistics-api.service

@@ -3,13 +3,16 @@ Description=DSpace Statistics API
 After=network.target
 
 [Service]
-Environment=SOLR_SERVER=http://localhost:8081/solr
+Environment=DATABASE_NAME=dspacestatistics
+Environment=DATABASE_USER=dspacestatistics
+Environment=DATABASE_PASS=dspacestatistics
+Environment=DATABASE_HOST=localhost
 User=nobody
 Group=nogroup
-WorkingDirectory=/opt/ilri/dspace-statistics-api
-ExecStart=/opt/ilri/dspace-statistics-api/venv/bin/gunicorn \
+WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/dspace-statistics-api
+ExecStart=/var/lib/dspace-statistics-api/venv/bin/gunicorn \
           --bind 127.0.0.1:5000                             \
-          app:api
+          dspace_statistics_api.app
 ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
 ExecStop=/bin/kill -s TERM $MAINPID
 

contrib/dspace-statistics-indexer.service

@@ -4,10 +4,14 @@ After=tomcat7.target
 
 [Service]
 Environment=SOLR_SERVER=http://localhost:8081/solr
+Environment=DATABASE_NAME=dspacestatistics
+Environment=DATABASE_USER=dspacestatistics
+Environment=DATABASE_PASS=dspacestatistics
+Environment=DATABASE_HOST=localhost
 User=nobody
 Group=nogroup
-WorkingDirectory=/opt/ilri/dspace-statistics-api
-ExecStart=/opt/ilri/dspace-statistics-api/venv/bin/python indexer.py
+WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/dspace-statistics-api
+ExecStart=/var/lib/dspace-statistics-api/venv/bin/python -m dspace_statistics_api.indexer
 
 [Install]
 WantedBy=multi-user.target

contrib/dspace-statistics-indexer.timer

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ Description=DSpace Statistics Indexer
 
 [Timer]
 # twice a day, at 6AM and 6PM
-OnCalendar=*-*-* 06:00:00,18:00:00
+OnCalendar=*-*-* 06,18:00:00
 # Add a random delay of 0–3600 seconds
 RandomizedDelaySec=3600
 Persistent=true

database.py

@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-from config import DATABASE_NAME
-from config import DATABASE_USER
-from config import DATABASE_PASS
-from config import DATABASE_HOST
-import psycopg2
-
-def database_connection():
-    connection = psycopg2.connect("dbname={} user={} password={} host='{}'".format(DATABASE_NAME, DATABASE_USER, DATABASE_PASS, DATABASE_HOST))
-
-    return connection
-
-# vim: set sw=4 ts=4 expandtab:

dspace_statistics_api/app.py

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+from .database import DatabaseManager
+import falcon
+
+
+class RootResource:
+    def on_get(self, req, resp):
+        resp.status = falcon.HTTP_200
+        resp.content_type = 'text/html'
+        with open('dspace_statistics_api/docs/index.html', 'r') as f:
+            resp.body = f.read()
+
+
+class AllItemsResource:
+    def on_get(self, req, resp):
+        """Handles GET requests"""
+        # Return HTTPBadRequest if id parameter is not present and valid
+        limit = req.get_param_as_int("limit", min=0, max=100) or 100
+        page = req.get_param_as_int("page", min=0) or 0
+        offset = limit * page
+
+        with DatabaseManager() as db:
+            db.set_session(readonly=True)
+
+            with db.cursor() as cursor:
+                # get total number of items so we can estimate the pages
+                cursor.execute('SELECT COUNT(id) FROM items')
+                pages = round(cursor.fetchone()[0] / limit)
+
+                # get statistics, ordered by id, and use limit and offset to page through results
+                cursor.execute('SELECT id, views, downloads FROM items ORDER BY id ASC LIMIT {} OFFSET {}'.format(limit, offset))
+
+                # create a list to hold dicts of item stats
+                statistics = list()
+
+                # iterate over results and build statistics object
+                for item in cursor:
+                    statistics.append({'id': item['id'], 'views': item['views'], 'downloads': item['downloads']})
+
+        message = {
+            'currentPage': page,
+            'totalPages': pages,
+            'limit': limit,
+            'statistics': statistics
+        }
+
+        resp.media = message
+
+
+class ItemResource:
+    def on_get(self, req, resp, item_id):
+        """Handles GET requests"""
+
+        with DatabaseManager() as db:
+            db.set_session(readonly=True)
+
+            with db.cursor() as cursor:
+                cursor = db.cursor()
+                cursor.execute('SELECT views, downloads FROM items WHERE id={}'.format(item_id))
+                if cursor.rowcount == 0:
+                    raise falcon.HTTPNotFound(
+                        title='Item not found',
+                        description='The item with id "{}" was not found.'.format(item_id)
+                    )
+                else:
+                    results = cursor.fetchone()
+
+                    statistics = {
+                        'id': item_id,
+                        'views': results['views'],
+                        'downloads': results['downloads']
+                    }
+
+                    resp.media = statistics
+
+
+api = application = falcon.API()
+api.add_route('/', RootResource())
+api.add_route('/items', AllItemsResource())
+api.add_route('/item/{item_id:int}', ItemResource())
+
+# vim: set sw=4 ts=4 expandtab:

dspace_statistics_api/config.py

@@ -7,5 +7,6 @@ DATABASE_NAME = os.environ.get('DATABASE_NAME', 'dspacestatistics')
 DATABASE_USER = os.environ.get('DATABASE_USER', 'dspacestatistics')
 DATABASE_PASS = os.environ.get('DATABASE_PASS', 'dspacestatistics')
 DATABASE_HOST = os.environ.get('DATABASE_HOST', 'localhost')
+DATABASE_PORT = os.environ.get('DATABASE_PORT', '5432')
 
 # vim: set sw=4 ts=4 expandtab:

dspace_statistics_api/database.py

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+from .config import DATABASE_NAME
+from .config import DATABASE_USER
+from .config import DATABASE_PASS
+from .config import DATABASE_HOST
+from .config import DATABASE_PORT
+import falcon
+import psycopg2
+import psycopg2.extras
+
+
+class DatabaseManager():
+    '''Manage database connection.'''
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._connection_uri = 'dbname={} user={} password={} host={} port={}'.format(DATABASE_NAME, DATABASE_USER, DATABASE_PASS, DATABASE_HOST, DATABASE_PORT)
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        try:
+            self._connection = psycopg2.connect(self._connection_uri, cursor_factory=psycopg2.extras.DictCursor)
+        except psycopg2.OperationalError:
+            title = '500 Internal Server Error'
+            description = 'Could not connect to database'
+            raise falcon.HTTPInternalServerError(title, description)
+
+        return self._connection
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, exc_traceback):
+        self._connection.close()
+
+# vim: set sw=4 ts=4 expandtab:

dspace_statistics_api/docs/index.html

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en-US">
+    <head>
+        <meta charset="UTF-8">
+        <title>DSpace Statistics API</title>
+    </head>
+    <body>
+        <h1>DSpace Statistics API</h1>
+        <p>This site is running the <a href="https://github.com/ilri/dspace-statistics-api" title="DSpace Statistics API project">DSpace Statistics API</a>. The following endpoints are available:</p>
+        <ul>
+            <li>GET <code>/</code> — return a basic API documentation page.</li>
+            <li>GET <code>/items</code> — return views and downloads for all items that Solr knows about¹. Accepts <code>limit</code> and <code>page</code> query parameters for pagination of results (<code>limit</code> must be an integer between 1 and 100, and <code>page</code> must be an integer greater than or equal to 0).</li>
+            <li>GET <code>/item/id</code> — return views and downloads for a single item (<code>id</code> must be a positive integer). Returns HTTP 404 if an item id is not found.</li>
+        </ul>
+
+        <p>The item id is the <em>internal</em> id for an item. You can get these from the standard DSpace REST API.</p>
+
+        <p>¹ We are querying the Solr statistics core, which technically only knows about items that have either views or downloads. If an item is not present here you can assume it has zero views and zero downloads, but not necessarily that it does not exist in the repository.</code>
+    </body>
+</html>

dspace_statistics_api/indexer.py

@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+#
+# indexer.py
+#
+# Copyright 2018 Alan Orth.
+#
+# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# ---
+#
+# Connects to a DSpace Solr statistics core and ingests item views and downloads
+# into a PostgreSQL database for use by other applications (like an API).
+#
+# This script is written for Python 3.5+ and requires several modules that you
+# can install with pip (I recommend using a Python virtual environment):
+#
+#   $ pip install SolrClient psycopg2-binary
+#
+# See: https://solrclient.readthedocs.io/en/latest/SolrClient.html
+# See: https://wiki.duraspace.org/display/DSPACE/Solr
+
+from .database import DatabaseManager
+import json
+import psycopg2.extras
+from .solr import solr_connection
+
+
+def index_views():
+    # get total number of distinct facets for items with a minimum of 1 view,
+    # otherwise Solr returns all kinds of weird ids that are actually not in
+    # the database. Also, stats are expensive, but we need stats.calcdistinct
+    # so we can get the countDistinct summary.
+    #
+    # see: https://lucene.apache.org/solr/guide/6_6/the-stats-component.html
+    res = solr.query('statistics', {
+        'q': 'type:2',
+        'fq': 'isBot:false AND statistics_type:view',
+        'facet': True,
+        'facet.field': 'id',
+        'facet.mincount': 1,
+        'facet.limit': 1,
+        'facet.offset': 0,
+        'stats': True,
+        'stats.field': 'id',
+        'stats.calcdistinct': True
+    }, rows=0)
+
+    # get total number of distinct facets (countDistinct)
+    results_totalNumFacets = json.loads(res.get_json())['stats']['stats_fields']['id']['countDistinct']
+
+    # divide results into "pages" (cast to int to effectively round down)
+    results_per_page = 100
+    results_num_pages = int(results_totalNumFacets / results_per_page)
+    results_current_page = 0
+
+    with DatabaseManager() as db:
+        with db.cursor() as cursor:
+            # create an empty list to store values for batch insertion
+            data = []
+
+            while results_current_page <= results_num_pages:
+                print('Indexing item views (page {} of {})'.format(results_current_page, results_num_pages))
+
+                res = solr.query('statistics', {
+                    'q': 'type:2',
+                    'fq': 'isBot:false AND statistics_type:view',
+                    'facet': True,
+                    'facet.field': 'id',
+                    'facet.mincount': 1,
+                    'facet.limit': results_per_page,
+                    'facet.offset': results_current_page * results_per_page
+                }, rows=0)
+
+                # SolrClient's get_facets() returns a dict of dicts
+                views = res.get_facets()
+                # in this case iterate over the 'id' dict and get the item ids and views
+                for item_id, item_views in views['id'].items():
+                    data.append((item_id, item_views))
+
+                # do a batch insert of values from the current "page" of results
+                sql = 'INSERT INTO items(id, views) VALUES %s ON CONFLICT(id) DO UPDATE SET views=excluded.views'
+                psycopg2.extras.execute_values(cursor, sql, data, template='(%s, %s)')
+                db.commit()
+
+                # clear all items from the list so we can populate it with the next batch
+                data.clear()
+
+                results_current_page += 1
+
+
+def index_downloads():
+    # get the total number of distinct facets for items with at least 1 download
+    res = solr.query('statistics', {
+        'q': 'type:0',
+        'fq': 'isBot:false AND statistics_type:view AND bundleName:ORIGINAL',
+        'facet': True,
+        'facet.field': 'owningItem',
+        'facet.mincount': 1,
+        'facet.limit': 1,
+        'facet.offset': 0,
+        'stats': True,
+        'stats.field': 'owningItem',
+        'stats.calcdistinct': True
+    }, rows=0)
+
+    # get total number of distinct facets (countDistinct)
+    results_totalNumFacets = json.loads(res.get_json())['stats']['stats_fields']['owningItem']['countDistinct']
+
+    # divide results into "pages" (cast to int to effectively round down)
+    results_per_page = 100
+    results_num_pages = int(results_totalNumFacets / results_per_page)
+    results_current_page = 0
+
+    with DatabaseManager() as db:
+        with db.cursor() as cursor:
+            # create an empty list to store values for batch insertion
+            data = []
+
+            while results_current_page <= results_num_pages:
+                print('Indexing item downloads (page {} of {})'.format(results_current_page, results_num_pages))
+
+                res = solr.query('statistics', {
+                    'q': 'type:0',
+                    'fq': 'isBot:false AND statistics_type:view AND bundleName:ORIGINAL',
+                    'facet': True,
+                    'facet.field': 'owningItem',
+                    'facet.mincount': 1,
+                    'facet.limit': results_per_page,
+                    'facet.offset': results_current_page * results_per_page
+                }, rows=0)
+
+                # SolrClient's get_facets() returns a dict of dicts
+                downloads = res.get_facets()
+                # in this case iterate over the 'owningItem' dict and get the item ids and downloads
+                for item_id, item_downloads in downloads['owningItem'].items():
+                    data.append((item_id, item_downloads))
+
+                # do a batch insert of values from the current "page" of results
+                sql = 'INSERT INTO items(id, downloads) VALUES %s ON CONFLICT(id) DO UPDATE SET downloads=excluded.downloads'
+                psycopg2.extras.execute_values(cursor, sql, data, template='(%s, %s)')
+                db.commit()
+
+                # clear all items from the list so we can populate it with the next batch
+                data.clear()
+
+                results_current_page += 1
+
+
+solr = solr_connection()
+
+with DatabaseManager() as db:
+    with db.cursor() as cursor:
+        # create table to store item views and downloads
+        cursor.execute('''CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS items
+                  (id INT PRIMARY KEY, views INT DEFAULT 0, downloads INT DEFAULT 0)''')
+
+    # commit the table creation before closing the database connection
+    db.commit()
+
+index_views()
+index_downloads()
+
+# vim: set sw=4 ts=4 expandtab:

dspace_statistics_api/solr.py

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
-from config import SOLR_SERVER
+from .config import SOLR_SERVER
 from SolrClient import SolrClient
 
+
 def solr_connection():
     connection = SolrClient(SOLR_SERVER)
 

indexer.py

@@ -1,144 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python
-#
-# indexer.py
-#
-# Copyright 2018 Alan Orth.
-#
-# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-# (at your option) any later version.
-#
-# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-# GNU General Public License for more details.
-#
-# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-#
-# ---
-#
-# Connects to a DSpace Solr statistics core and ingests item views and downloads
-# into a Postgres database for use with other applications (an API, for example).
-#
-# This script is written for Python 3 and requires several modules that you can
-# install with pip (I recommend setting up a Python virtual environment first):
-#
-#   $ pip install SolrClient
-#
-# See: https://solrclient.readthedocs.io/en/latest/SolrClient.html
-# See: https://wiki.duraspace.org/display/DSPACE/Solr
-#
-# Tested with Python 3.5 and 3.6.
-
-from database import database_connection
-from solr import solr_connection
-
-def index_views():
-    print("Populating database with item views.")
-
-    # determine the total number of items with views (aka Solr's numFound)
-    res = solr.query('statistics', {
-        'q':'type:2',
-        'fq':'isBot:false AND statistics_type:view',
-        'facet':True,
-        'facet.field':'id',
-    }, rows=0)
-
-    # divide results into "pages" (numFound / 100)
-    results_numFound = res.get_num_found()
-    results_per_page = 100
-    results_num_pages = round(results_numFound / results_per_page)
-    results_current_page = 0
-
-    cursor = db.cursor()
-
-    while results_current_page <= results_num_pages:
-        print('Page {0} of {1}.'.format(results_current_page, results_num_pages))
-
-        res = solr.query('statistics', {
-            'q':'type:2',
-            'fq':'isBot:false AND statistics_type:view',
-            'facet':True,
-            'facet.field':'id',
-            'facet.limit':results_per_page,
-            'facet.offset':results_current_page * results_per_page
-        })
-
-        # make sure total number of results > 0
-        if res.get_num_found() > 0:
-            # SolrClient's get_facets() returns a dict of dicts
-            views = res.get_facets()
-            # in this case iterate over the 'id' dict and get the item ids and views
-            for item_id, item_views in views['id'].items():
-                cursor.execute('''INSERT INTO items(id, views) VALUES(%s, %s)
-                               ON CONFLICT(id) DO UPDATE SET downloads=excluded.views''',
-                               (item_id, item_views))
-
-        db.commit()
-
-        results_current_page += 1
-
-    cursor.close()
-
-def index_downloads():
-    print("Populating database with item downloads.")
-
-    # determine the total number of items with downloads (aka Solr's numFound)
-    res = solr.query('statistics', {
-        'q':'type:0',
-        'fq':'isBot:false AND statistics_type:view AND bundleName:ORIGINAL',
-        'facet':True,
-        'facet.field':'owningItem',
-    }, rows=0)
-
-    # divide results into "pages" (numFound / 100)
-    results_numFound = res.get_num_found()
-    results_per_page = 100
-    results_num_pages = round(results_numFound / results_per_page)
-    results_current_page = 0
-
-    cursor = db.cursor()
-
-    while results_current_page <= results_num_pages:
-        print('Page {0} of {1}.'.format(results_current_page, results_num_pages))
-
-        res = solr.query('statistics', {
-            'q':'type:0',
-            'fq':'isBot:false AND statistics_type:view AND bundleName:ORIGINAL',
-            'facet':True,
-            'facet.field':'owningItem',
-            'facet.limit':results_per_page,
-            'facet.offset':results_current_page * results_per_page
-        })
-
-        # make sure total number of results > 0
-        if res.get_num_found() > 0:
-            # SolrClient's get_facets() returns a dict of dicts
-            downloads = res.get_facets()
-            # in this case iterate over the 'owningItem' dict and get the item ids and downloads
-            for item_id, item_downloads in downloads['owningItem'].items():
-                cursor.execute('''INSERT INTO items(id, downloads) VALUES(%s, %s)
-                               ON CONFLICT(id) DO UPDATE SET downloads=excluded.downloads''',
-                               (item_id, item_downloads))
-
-        db.commit()
-
-        results_current_page += 1
-
-    cursor.close()
-
-db = database_connection()
-solr = solr_connection()
-
-# create table to store item views and downloads
-cursor = db.cursor()
-cursor.execute('''CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS items
-                  (id INT PRIMARY KEY, views INT DEFAULT 0, downloads INT DEFAULT 0)''')
-index_views()
-index_downloads()
-
-db.close()
-
-# vim: set sw=4 ts=4 expandtab:

pytest.ini

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+[pytest]
+addopts= -rsxX -s -v --strict
+filterwarnings =
+    error::UserWarning

requirements-dev.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+-i https://pypi.org/simple
+atomicwrites==1.2.1
+attrs==18.2.0
+backcall==0.1.0
+decorator==4.3.0
+flake8==3.6.0
+ipython-genutils==0.2.0
+ipython==7.1.1
+jedi==0.13.1
+mccabe==0.6.1
+more-itertools==4.3.0
+parso==0.3.1
+pexpect==4.6.0 ; sys_platform != 'win32'
+pickleshare==0.7.5
+pluggy==0.8.0
+prompt-toolkit==2.0.7
+ptyprocess==0.6.0
+py==1.7.0
+pycodestyle==2.4.0
+pyflakes==2.0.0
+pygments==2.2.0
+pytest==3.10.1
+six==1.11.0
+traitlets==4.3.2
+wcwidth==0.1.7

requirements.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+-i https://pypi.org/simple
+falcon==1.4.1
+git+https://github.com/alanorth/SolrClient.git@c629e3475be37c82770b2be61748be7e29882648#egg=solrclient
+gunicorn==19.9.0
+psycopg2-binary==2.7.6.1
+python-mimeparse==1.6.0
+six==1.11.0

tests/test_api.py

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+from falcon import testing
+import json
+import pytest
+
+from dspace_statistics_api.app import api
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def client():
+    return testing.TestClient(api)
+
+
+def test_get_docs(client):
+    '''Test requesting the documentation at the root.'''
+
+    response = client.simulate_get('/')
+
+    assert isinstance(response.content, bytes)
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+
+
+def test_get_item(client):
+    '''Test requesting a single item.'''
+
+    response = client.simulate_get('/item/17')
+    response_doc = json.loads(response.text)
+
+    assert isinstance(response_doc['downloads'], int)
+    assert isinstance(response_doc['id'], int)
+    assert isinstance(response_doc['views'], int)
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+
+
+def test_get_missing_item(client):
+    '''Test requesting a single non-existing item.'''
+
+    response = client.simulate_get('/item/1')
+
+    assert response.status_code == 404
+
+
+def test_get_items(client):
+    '''Test requesting 100 items.'''
+
+    response = client.simulate_get('/items', query_string='limit=100')
+    response_doc = json.loads(response.text)
+
+    assert isinstance(response_doc['currentPage'], int)
+    assert isinstance(response_doc['totalPages'], int)
+    assert isinstance(response_doc['statistics'], list)
+    assert response.status_code == 200
+
+
+def test_get_items_invalid_limit(client):
+    '''Test requesting 100 items with an invalid limit parameter.'''
+
+    response = client.simulate_get('/items', query_string='limit=101')
+
+    assert response.status_code == 400
+
+
+def test_get_items_invalid_page(client):
+    '''Test requesting 100 items with an invalid page parameter.'''
+
+    response = client.simulate_get('/items', query_string='page=-1')
+
+    assert response.status_code == 400